GRANT

The GRANT statement creates new user IDs and gives permissions to specific users in a secured database. You can use the GRANT statement to grant privileges for CREATE TABLE, CREATE VIEW, and CREATE PROCEDURE.

The following table shows the syntax for a given action:


To GRANT Privileges For This Action	Use This Syntax With GRANT
CREATE TABLE	CREATETAB
CREATE VIEW	CREATEVIEW
CREATE PROCEDURE	CREATESP

Syntax

GRANT CREATETAB | CREATEVIEW | CREATESP TO public-or-user-
or-group-name [ , user-or-group-name ]... 
 
GRANT LOGIN TO user-password [ , user-password ]... [ IN GROUP 
group-name ] 
GRANT table-privilege ON < * | [ TABLE ] table-name [ owner-name ]> 
TO user-or-group-name [ , user-or-group-name ]... 
table-privilege ::=	   ALL 
|  ALTER [ ( column-name [ , column-name ]... ) ] 
|  DELETE 
|  INSERT [ ( column-name [ , column-name ]... ) ] 
|  REFERENCES [ ( column-name [ , column-name ]... ) ] 
|  SELECT [ ( column-name [ , column-name ]... ) ] 
|  UPDATE [ ( column-name [ , column-name ]... ) ] 

table-name ::= [database-name.]user-defined table name  
database-name ::= name of the database to which the table 
belongs 
user-password ::= user-name [ : ] password 
public-or-user-or-group-name ::= PUBLIC | user-or-group-name 
user-or-group-name ::= user-name | group-name 
user-name ::= user-defined-name 
owner-name ::= user-defined-name

Remarks

CREATETAB, CREATESP, CREATEVIEW, and LOGIN arguments are extensions to the core SQL grammar.

Note
ANSI SQL 3 permits column lists for INSERT, ALTER, REFERENCES, SELECT and UPDATE.

Users and Groups

Relational security is based on the existence of a default user named "Master" who has full access to the database when security is turned on. Initially, no password is required for the Master user.

Caution
If you turn on security, be sure to specify a password with a significant length, at least five characters. Leaving the password blank creates a security risk for the database.

The Master user can create groups and other users and define data access permissions for these groups and users.

If you want to grant the same permissions to all users, you can grant them to the PUBLIC group. All users inherit the default permissions assigned to the PUBLIC group.

Note
If you wish to use groups, you must set up the groups before creating users. You cannot add a user to a group after you have already created the user.

User name and password must be enclosed in double quotes if they contain spaces or other non-alphanumeric characters.

For further information about users and groups, see Master User , Users and Groups , and Assigning Permissions Tasks , all in Advanced Operations Guide.

Owner Name

An owner name is a password required to gain access to a Btrieve file. There is no relation between an owner name and any system user name or database user name. You should think of an owner name as a simple file password.

If you have a Btrieve owner name set on a file that is a table in a secure ODBC database, the Master user of the ODBC database must use the owner name in any GRANT statement to grant privileges on the given table to any user, including the Master user.

After the GRANT statement containing the owner name has been issued for a given user, that user can access the specified table by logging into the database, without specifying the owner name each time.

If a user tries to access a table through ODBC that has a Btrieve owner name, the access will not be allowed unless the Master user has granted privileges on the table to the user, with the correct owner name in the GRANT statement.

If a table has an owner name with the Read-Only attribute, the Master user automatically has SELECT rights on this table without specifically granting himself/herself the SELECT rights with the owner name.

Examples

A GRANT ALL statement grants the INSERT, UPDATE, ALTER, SELECT, DELETE and REFERENCES rights to the specified user or group. In addition, the user or group is granted the CREATE TABLE right for the dictionary.

The following statement grants all these privileges to dannyd for table Class.

GRANT ALL on Class to dannyd

This statement grants the ALTER privilege to user debieq.

GRANT ALTER on Class TO debieq

This statement gives INSERT privileges to keithv and miked on table Class.

GRANT INSERT ON Class TO keithv, miked

The following statement grants INSERT privileges on two columns, First_name and Last_name, in the person table to users keithv and brendanb

GRANT INSERT(First_name,last_name) ON Person to 
keithv,brendanb

The following example grants CREATE TABLE rights to users aideenw and punitas

GRANT CREATETAB TO aideenw, punitas

This next statement grants login rights to a user named ravi and specifies his password as "password."

GRANT LOGIN TO ravi:password

The user name and password refer to Pervasive.SQL databases and are not related to user names and passwords set at level of the operating system. Pervasive.SQL user names, groups, and passwords are set through the Pervasive.SQL Control Center (PCC). See User and Group Tasks in Advanced Operations Guide.

The following example grants login rights to users named dannyd and travisk and specifies their passwords as "password" and 1234567 respectively.

GRANT LOGIN TO dannyd:password,travisk:1234567

If there are spaces in a name you may use double quotes as in the following example. This statement grants login rights to user named Jerry Gentry and Punita and specifies their password as sun and moon respectively

GRANT LOGIN TO "Jerry Gentry" :sun, Punita:moon

The following example grants the login rights to a user named Jerry Gentry with password 123456 and a user named travisk with password abcdef. It also adds them to the group pervasive_dev

GRANT LOGIN TO "Jerry Gentry" :123456, travisk:abcdef in 
group pervasive_dev

To grant privileges on a table that has a Btrieve owner name, the Master user has to supply the correct owner name in the GRANT statement.

The following example grants the SELECT rights to the Master user on table T1 that has a Btrieve owner name of "abcd."

GRANT SELECT ON t1 'abcd' TO Master

The Master user has all rights on a table that does not have an owner name. You can set an owner name on a table with the Maintenance utility. The Btrieve owner name is case sensitive.

After the Master user performs the following set of SQL statements, the user "jsmith" has SELECT access to all tables in the current database. The user also has DELETE access to tab1 and UPDATE access to tab2.

GRANT DELETE ON tab1 TO jsmith  
GRANT SELECT ON * TO jsmith  
GRANT UPDATE ON tab2 TO jsmith

If the following statement is performed later by any user with CREATE TABLE privileges, the user "jsmith" will have SELECT access to the newly created table.

CREATE TABLE tab3 (col1 INT)

GRANT CREATETAB TO user1

GRANT CREATESP TO user1